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Joint Press Release
Malaysians Against Moral Policing
The State Has No Role in Policing Morality
25 March 2005

Kenyataan Bersama: Kerajaan Tidak Berhak Mengawasi Akhlak

 

It has become apparent in the past few months that we, as Malaysians, can no longer afford to remain silent over the increasing role of the state in policing the morality of its citizens.

The arrest of a transgender in the garden of a friend's house by religious authorities in Taiping (The Star, March 2, 2005, p12); the Malacca Belia 4-B campaign to spy on young people under the pretext of controlling morality (Malaysiakini.com, February 22, 2005); and the JAWI raid on a Kuala Lumpur nightclub and subsequent detention and humiliation of approximately 100 Muslim youth (Sunday Mail, Jan 23, 2005, p1) are unfortunate incidents that demonstrate how moral policing violates the personal dignity of humans and their rights as citizens.

We question the state's role in defining and controlling the morality of its citizens and its use of punitive religious and municipal laws. Forced and fearful compliance with such laws results not in a more moral society but a mass of terrified, submissive and hypocritical subjects.

We are concerned that when religion is so much part of the political arena, it increases the state's inclination to police the private lives of its citizens. Given the multi-religious and multi-ethnic composition of our society, any attempt to regulate a person's conscience, faith or private life has grave implications for all citizens and communities, as well as the relationships between communities.

The use of state instruments such as the police, religious and Rela officers to control morality is nothing new. The use of Muslim youth to spy on other Muslims, however, is unprecedented. It violates not only Qur'anic injunctions but also common standards of community trust. Further, it invites vigilantism. Reported plans to rope in non-Muslim youth to spy on non-Muslim couples indicate how quickly such invasive and authoritarian policies can affect Malaysians.

We are against the use of these state instruments, and the individuals and groups enlisted as their surrogates, to regulate morality. How people dress and where, how and with whom they socialise are personal choices.

The outcry following the nightclub raid and detention of some 100 Muslim patrons by JAWI officers recently and the case of a couple booked by City Hall enforcement officers for holding hands at the KLCC park in August 2003 indicates the Malaysian public's concern over the issue. In the past, many similar incidents went unreported because those who were charged pleaded guilty without legal representation for fear of the shame and discrimination of a prolonged public trial. It is clear that public opinion has changed, and that laws must be changed to reflect our increasingly open and progressive society.


Any law that attempts to regulate a citizen's life to the smallest detail has far-reaching consequences to the point that it becomes unjust and unenforceable.

The vague provisions of such laws leave them wide open to interpretation and abuse by enforcement officers, which can lead to selective prosecution and victimisation, usually on those from a marginalised class, gender and/or community.

The responsibility of the Government is to uphold and protect the rights of its citizens to justice, equality, freedom and dignity at all times.

In the spirit of our democratic and pluralistic society, we the undersigned affirm that morality is a matter best dealt with by individuals and their families, and we call for:

a) The repeal of provisions in religious and municipal laws that deny citizens their fundamental right to privacy, freedom of speech and expression, and those that overlap with the federal Penal Code;

b) The appointment of a committee to monitor the process of repealing these laws, including representation from women's groups, human rights groups, civil society organizations, progressive religious scholars and constitutional experts;

c) The strengthening of our pluralism through community dialogue around morals in our society, rather than the divisiveness bred by sub-contracting of moral policing and neighbours spying on neighbours.


Kenyataan Bersama
Malaysians Against Moral Policing
Kerajaan Tidak Berhak Mengawasi Akhlak
25 Mac 2005

Berdasarkan beberapa perkara yang berlaku semenjak kebelakangan ini, nyata sekali kita, sebagai rakyat Malaysia, tidak lagi boleh berdiam diri dan terus membiarkan penglibatan kerajaan yang semakin meningkat dalam mengawasi akhlak rakyatnya.

Penangkapan seorang mak nyah oleh pihak berkuasa agama di Taiping semasa dia berada di perkarangan rumah seorang kawannya (The Star, 2 Mac 2005, ms 12); kempen mengintip kelakuan anak-anak muda oleh Gerakan Belia 4-B Melaka dengan alasan mengawasi akhlak mereka (Malaysiakini.com, 22 Febuari 2005); dan penahanan dan tindakan yang memalukan ke atas lebih daripada 100 orang muda mudi beragama Islam oleh JAWI berikutan satu serbuan ke atas sebuah kelab malam di Kuala Lumpur - semua ini merupakan peristiwa-peristiwa malang yang membuktikan bagaimana tindakan mengawasi akhlak boleh mencabuli kehormatan seseorang manusia serta hak asasi mereka sebagai rakyat.

Kami mempersoalkan peranan kerajaan, serta penggunaan undang-undang agama dan undang-undang munisipal oleh pihak kerajaan, untuk mendefinasi dan mengawal akhlak rakyatnya. Memaksa dan menakut-nakutkan rakyat supaya mematuhi undang-undang tersebut tidak akan membawa kepada masyarakat yang lebih berakhlak; sebaliknya tindakan tersebut akan menghasilkan masyarakat yang berada dalam ketakutan serta rakyat yang bersifat submisif dan hipokrit.

Kami bimbang apabila agama menjadi sebahagian besar daripada agenda politik negara, ianya akan menambah kecenderungan kerajaan untuk mengawasi kehidupan peribadi rakyatnya. Berdasarkan kepelbagaian bangsa dan agama masyarakat Malaysia, apa saja tindakan untuk mengawal nurani, kepercayaan dan kehidupan peribadi seseorang bukan sahaja membawa implikasi yang serius terhadap rakyat dan masyarakat, tetapi juga terhadap hubungan di antara pelbagai kaum.

Penggunaan agensi tertentu, contohnya pihak polis, pihak berkuasa agama dan pegawai-pegawai Rela, untuk mengawal akhlak rakyat bukanlah suatu perkara baru. Tetapi menggunakan belia-belia Islam untuk mengintip umat Islam yang lain adalah sesuatu yang belum pernah terjadi. Ini bukan sahaja melanggar perintah-perintah Al-Qur'an tetapi turut melanggar kepercayaan umum di dalam masyarakat. Tambahan lagi, ianya mengundang vigilantism, atau tindakan menghukum seseorang di luar batasan undang-undang. Lapuran yang menyatakan bahawa terdapatnya rancangan untuk menggunakan belia bukan Islam untuk mengintip pasangan bukan Islam menunjukkan betapa cepatnya dasar-dasar autoritarian ini dapat mempengaruhi rakyat Malaysia.

Kami menentang penggunaan aparatus kerajaan, serta individu dan kumpulan yang dilantik untuk membantu dalam mengawal akhlak. Cara seseorang berpakaian serta bagaimana, di mana dan dengan siapa mereka memilih untuk bergaul adalah perkara peribadi dan pilihan persendirian.

Bangkangan umum yang berlaku berikutan serbuan dan penahanan lebih daripada 100 pengunjung sebuah kelab malam oleh pegawai-pegawai JAWI baru-baru ini, serta kes yang melibatkan pasangan muda yang didenda oleh pegawai-pegawai penguatkuasa Dewan Bandaraya KL kerana berpegangan tangan semasa berada di taman KLCC pada bulan Ogos 2003, menunjukkan keprihatinan dan kebimbangan masyarakat Malaysia terhadap isu-isu tersebut. Sebelum ini, banyak kes yang sama tidak dilapurkan kerana mereka yang dituduh telah mengaku bersalah tanpa nasihat guaman. Mereka lebih rela berbuat demikian untuk mengelak daripada mengharungi diskriminasi yang pastinya akan timbul berikutan dari perbicaraan umum yang mereka hadapi. Kini, nyata pendapat umum telah berubah, dan undang-undang juga perlu diubah untuk mencerminkan masyarakat yang semakin bersifat terbuka dan progresif.

Apa jua undang-undang yang cuba mengawal kehidupan rakyat secara terperinci akan membawa akibat yang sangat mendalam sehinggakan ianya menjadi tidak adil dan sukar dikuatkuasakan. Peruntukan undang-undang yang samar-samar ini terlalu luas tafsirannya dan boleh disalahgunakan oleh pegawai penguatkuasa - dan ianya boleh membawa kepada dakwaan yang terpilih serta penindasan terhadap mereka yang terpinggir dari segi darjat, jantina dan/atau komuniti.

Tanggungjawab kerajaan ialah untuk mendukung dan melindungi hak-hak keadilan, kesaksamaan, kebebasan dan kehormatan rakyatnya pada setiap masa.

Sebagai mewakili masyarakat Malaysia yang majmuk dan berdemokrasi, kami yang menandatangani dokumen ini mengesahkan bahawa akhlak merupakan sesuatu perkara yang lebih baik diselesaikan oleh individu-individu dan keluarga mereka, dan kami menyeru untuk:

a) Membubarkan semua peruntukan dalam undang-undang agama dan undang-undang munisipal yang menghalang rakyat daripada mengecapi hak-hak asasi peribadi, serta hak untuk berucap dan bersuara, dan juga undang-undang yang bertindih dengan Kod Penal persekutuan;

b) Melantik sebuah jawatankuasa untuk mengawasi proses pembubaran undang-undang tersebut, di mana jawatankuasa ini perlu terdiri daripada wakil-wakil dari organisasi wanita, oganisasi hak-hak asasi manusia, organisasi kemasyarakatan, cendekiawan agama yang progesif dan juga ahli pakar perlembagaan;

c) Mengeratkan hubungan masyarakat Malaysia yang majmuk/berbilang kaum menerusi dialog dan perbincangan umum berkenaan isu-isu keakhlakan dan bukannya merenggangkan hubungan tersebut dengan melantik pihak tertentu untuk mengawasi akhlak atau melalui cara mengintip jiran masing-masing.



Endorsed by / Disokong oleh -
(as of/sehingga 25 March 2005)

Organisations/Organisasi:

1. ALIRAN
2. All Women's Action Society (AWAM)
3. Campus Ministry Office, Penang Diocese (CMO)
4. Center for Orang Asli Concerns
5. Citizen's Health Initiative
6. Community Action Network (CAN)
7. Community Development Centre (CDC)
8. Education and Research Association for Consumer (ERA Consumer)
9. Food Not Bombs, Kuala Lumpur
10. Forum Iqra'
11. Group of Concerned Citizens
12. Indigenous Peoples Development Center (IPDC)
13. International Movement for a Just World (JUST)
14. Jaringan Rakyat Tertindas (JERIT)
15. Jawatankuasa Kebajikan Mahasiswa/i (JKMI)
16. Justice and Peace Commission, Penang Diocese (J&P)
17. Knowledge and Rights with Young people through Safer Spaces (KRYSS)
18. Lasallians in Action
19. Malayan Nurses Union
20. Malaysia Youth and Student Democratic Movement (DEMA)
21. Malaysian Aids Council (MAC)
22. Malaysian Trade Union Congress (MTUC)
23. Malaysian Voters Union (MALVU)
24. Metal Industry Employees Union
25. National Council of Women's Organisations (NCWO)
26. National Human Rights Society (HAKAM)
27. Pelangi Community Foundation
28. Penang Coordinating Council, Campus Ministry Office
29. Penang Diocesan Youth Network (PDYN)
30. Penang Office for Human Development (POHD)
31. Persatuan Ibu Tunggal Mutiara Kuala Lumpur
32. Persatuan Sahabat Wanita Selangor (PSWS)
33. Persatuan Sejahtera Kuantan (PSK)
34. Pertubuhan Wanita dan Kesihatan (WAKE)
35. Protect & Save the Children
36. Pusat KOMAS
37. Research for Social Advancement (REFSA)
38. Sabah Women Action Resource Group (SAWO)
39. Save Ourselves (SOS)
40. Sisters in Islam (SIS)
41. Society for Christian Reflection
42. SOS Selangor
43. Suara Rakyat Malaysia (SUARAM)
44. Tenaganita
45. The Management Institute for Social Change (MINSOC)
46. The Sustainable Development Network (SUSDEN) Malaysia
47. Universiti Bangsar Utama (UBU)
48. Wanita Inovatif Jati Diri (WIJADI) Kelantan
49. Women's Aid Organisation (WAO)
50. Women's Development Collective (WDC)
51. Women's Candidacy Initiative (WCI)
52. Women's Centre for Change (WCC), Penang

Political Parties/Parti Politik:

1. Democratic Action Party (DAP)
2. Democratic Action Party Socialist Youth (DAPSY)
3. Parti Keadilan Rakyat Malaysia (Keadilan)
4. Parti Sosialis Malaysia (PSM)

Businesses/Perniagaan:

1. The Body Shop West Malaysia

Elected Representatives:

1. Azalina Othman Said (YB Datuk), MP for Penggerang, Minister of Youth & Sports
2. Chong Chieng Jen (YB), MP for Bandar Kuching
3. Chong Eng (YB), MP for Bukit Mertajam
4. Fong Kui Lun (YB), MP for Bukit Bintang
5. Fong Po Kuan (YB), MP for Batu Gajah
6. Lim Hock Seng (YB), MP for Bagan
7. Lim Kit Siang (YB), MP for Ipoh Timur
8. Loke Siew Fook (YB), ADUN for Lobak
9. M. Kulasegaran (YB), MP for Ipoh Barat
10. Mohamed Nazri Aziz (YB Datuk Seri), MP for Padang Rengas, Minister in the PM's Department
11. Mohd Zaid Ibrahim (YB Datuk), MP for Kota Bharu
12. Ng Yen Yen (YB Dato' Dr), MP for Raub, Deputy Minister of Finance
13. Rahman Ismail (YB Datuk Dr), MP for Gombak
14. Rais Yatim (YB Datuk Seri Utama Dr), MP for Jelebu, Minister of Arts, Culture and Heritage
15. Tan Kee Kwong (YB Dato' Dr), MP for Segambut
16. Tan Kok Wai (YB), MP for Cheras
17. Tan Seng Giaw (YB Dr), MP for Kepong
18. Teng Chang Khim (YB), ADUN for Sungai Pinang
19. Teresa Kok (YB), MP for Seputeh
20. Toh Kin Woon (YB Datuk Dr), State Executive Counselor, ADUN for Machang Bubuk, Penang
21. Wong Nai Chee (YB), MP for Kota Melaka

Individuals/Individu:

1. A. Basarudin, PhD candidate, UCLA
2. Abd. Mutalip Abdullah, academic
3. Adriani Wahjanto, advocate & solicitor
4. Ahmad Hamdan Bin Kamaruddin, graphic designer
5. Alan Khoo
6. Alex de Silva, Advocate and Solicitor
7. Alex Tan Ken Seng
8. Ali Imran
9. Ambiga Sreenevasan
10. Aminullah Ali, businessman
11. Amir Muhammad, film maker / writer / director
12. Andrew Aeria, academic
13. Andrew Teh
14. Angela M. Kuga Thas, trustee, KRYSS
15. Angelyn Lee
16. Ann Lee, writer / director
17. Anna Har, pusat KOMAS
18. Antares (Kit Leee), writer, musician, ontologist & grandfather
19. Anthony Row
20. Anushia Kandasamy, consultant
21. Anwar Fazal, former president, Consumers International
22. Audrey L. Fernando, Malaysian citizen
23. Ayesha Jacqueline Chue, manager and mother of three
24. Azah Yazmin Yusof, broadcaster
25. Azhar Azizan Harun
26. Azmi Sharom, academic
27. Azzat Kamaludin
28. Baradan Kuppusamy, journalist
29. Berlinda Gooi, academic relations manager
30. Bernice Chauly, writer/photographer/actor
31. Beth Yahp, writer
32. Beverly Yong, gallery director
33. Bishan Singh, development entrepreneur
34. Brian Lariche
35. Cara Kamaruddin
36. Cecil Rajendra, poet / lawyer
37. Cecilia Anthonysamy, doctor
38. Celina Khor, TV presenter
39. Chan Choy Lang
40. Chan Lean Heng, USM academician
41. Charlene Rajendran, lecturer-drama
42. Charles Hector
43. Chee Sek Thim
44. Cheong Wai Quan
45. Chiam Heng Keng (Prof Dr)
46. Chua Hang Kuen, concerned Malaysian
47. Chuah Siew Eng
48. Colin Ong
49. Dhani Ahmad, male, independent punk activist, Gombak
50. Din Merican
51. Dominic Chan Weng Chun
52. Eileen Chan, teacher, social activist, actor, dancer
53. Ellen Philomena Ryan
54. Eric Goh Choo Tuck
55. Eugene Jayaraj Williams, partner, Messrs Zaid Ibrahim & Co.
56. Ezrena Marwan, graphic designer
57. F.R. Bhupalan (Mrs)
58. Fahri Azzat, advocate & solicitor
59. Farah Naim, lawyer
60. Farish A. Noor (Dr), political scientist and researcher on Political Islam
61. Fathi Aris Omar, Malaysiakini columnist and Asian Public Intellectuals fellow
62. Florence Looi Kwok Yih, lawyer
63. Foo Chiwei, graphic designer
64. Foo Ong Pin (Dr), consultant paediatrician
65. Grace de Silva, Malaysian citizen
66. Hariati Azizan, journalist
67. Haris Ibrahim, lawyer
68. Haslinah Yacob (Hajjah)
69. Hasmah, Malaysian citizen
70. Helen Ting, PhD candidate
71. Ho Chin Soon (Haji)
72. Ho Yock Lin, Women activist
73. Honey Tan, citizen
74. Indran Rajalingam, lawyer, Kota Bharu
75. Irene Fernandez (Dr)
76. Izlyn Ramli, Malaysian citizen
77. Jacqueline Ann Surin, Malaysian citizen
78. Jahabar Sadiq, citizen / journalist
79. James Lee, lawyer
80. Janet Tay Hui Ching, lawyer, KL
81. Jeff Ooi, blogger
82. Jennson Yuen, co-founder of forPLU.com website & businessman
83. Jerald S. Joseph
84. Jerome Kugan, writer / musician
85. Jeya Kumar, advocate and solicitor
86. Joachim F. Xavier
87. Joe Selvaretnam, citizen
88. John Chung, research executive
89. Julian Lee, student, Melbourne
90. Juliyah, Malaysian citizen
91. K Parameswary a/p Karpusamy, lawyer
92. K. Arumugam
93. K.C. Chye
94. Karen Chu
95. Karim Raslan
96. Kasim Ahmad, president Forum Iqra
97. Kenny Lai
98. Kevin Tan, Malaysian citizen
99. Koh Swe Yong
100. Kohila Yanasekara, activist
101. Krishnaveni Paul, lawyer
102. Kristinawati Ramlan, PR practitioner
103. Lai Wan Teng, citizen
104. Latifah, Malaysian citizen
105. Lawrence Lee
106. Lee Ban Chen, Malaysiakini columnist
107. Lee Hwok Aun, PhD candidate
108. Lee Jen Pink, lawyer
109. Leonard Teoh, advocate & solicitor
110. Leong Phaik Leng, advocate & solicitor
111. Leslie Lau, journalist / citizen
112. Lim Guan Eng, secretary general, DAP / former MP for Kota Melaka
113. Lim Swee Kuang (Joshua), IMA section head, father of two teenagers
114. Lim Tuck Sun
115. Lina Tan, producer
116. Loh Yin San, concerned citizen
117. Low Ngai Yuen, TV presenter
118. Lum Woon Foong
119. Maha Abdullah
120. Majella Gomes, writer
121. Mak Weng Kit
122. Malik Imtiaz Sarwar, lawyer
123. Manjeet Singh Dhillon, lawyer
124. Manon Easan
125. Mansor Saat, businessman
126. Marina Mahathir
127. Marina Zain
128. Marina Zainal Farid, race car driver
129. Mark Talalla
130. Maya Ardilia Husin
131. Md. Roslan Osman
132. Medaline Chang, journalist
133. Michael Chin
134. Michael Phung
135. Mina Cheah, Malaysian citizen / tax payer / registered voter
136. Mohammad Hashim Kamali (Prof)
137. Mohan Ambikaipaker, anthropologist and graduate student
138. Mohd Hazri (Hj), personal and corporate transformational healer
139. Mohd Nasir Hashim (Dr)
140. Mohd Zamri Kassim
141. Mona Mariappan
142. Mustafa K Anuar, PhD, social activist
143. N.Sivananthan, lawyer
144. Nachammai Kumarappan
145. Nicholas Tan
146. Nik Elin Zurina Nik Abdul Rashid, Kota Bharu
147. Nik Fahmee Hussein
148. Nizam Zakaria, writer
149. Norhashima, Malaysian citizen
150. Pamela Moo
151. Pang Khee Teik
152. Param Cumaraswamy
153. Patrick Teoh
154. Paulina Michael, Malaysian citizen of Sarawak origin, activist, mother of two
155. Petra Gimbad, student
156. Philip Wong, human resource head
157. Pia Khalsom Zain Azraai, sister and daughter
158. Prema Perumal, software engineer / blogger
159. Premesh Chandran
160. Puteri Rose Sharlinah, Malaysian citizen
161. Quek Sue Yian, banker
162. Rachel Ng
163. Rafidah Abdullah, writer/TV presenter
164. Rajen Devaraj
165. Ramdas Tikamdas, lawyer
166. Ranita Mohd. Hussein (Dato')
167. Ranjit Kaur
168. Rashidah Abd A'ala, Malaysian citizen
169. Rashidah Hashim, mother of two
170. Razlina Razali, lawyer
171. Richard Yeoh, concerned Malaysian
172. Rita Sim, concerned rakyat Malaysia
173. Robert Hempel, engineer
174. Ronnie Liu, DAP International Secretary & NGO bureau chief
175. Rosli Omar, PhD
176. Rosniza, Malaysian citizen
177. Rozana Isa, concerned citizen and mother of three
178. S. B. Toh, journalist
179. S.Z. Aljeffri, artist
180. SA Thein, executive
181. Sally Ee
182. Samsukri Mohamad
183. Sascha Khan, business director
184. Selvamalar Alagaratnam, advocate & solicitor
185. Sem Kiong Angin, Sarawak
186. Shahrinaz Shaik, lawyer
187. Shalina Azhar
188. Sham Richard, concerned Malaysian
189. Shanon Shah, writer / musician
190. Shanti Ramu, concerned mother
191. Sharaad Kuttan
192. Sharan Sidhu, accounts executive
193. Sharifah Sarizeah
194. Sharmala Batumalai
195. Sharon Barbosa, advocate & solicitor
196. Sharon Nelson
197. Sidek Kamiso, journalist
198. Sonia Abraham, lawyer
199. Sonia Randhawa, media activist
200. Sreesanthan Eliathamby, lawyer
201. Sri Sarguna Raj
202. Stephanie Bastian
203. Sumit Mandal
204. Syahrul Bahiah Jamaludin, Malaysian
205. Tan Ban Cheng
206. Tan Siok Choo
207. Tania Khan, mother
208. Teo Chui Ping, concerned solicitor
209. Thein Soon Ann, engineer
210. Theivanai Amarthalingam, legal advisor, Penang
211. Tina Shah
212. Tony Woon Yeow Thong, advocate & solicitor, Seremban
213. Usha Nair, IT consultant
214. V. Gayathry
215. Vernon Adrian Emuang, Malaysian citizen, registered voter and activist
216. Veronica Shunmugam, arts journalist and singer
217. Vidya Bharati, concerned Malaysian
218. Vinayak Pradhan
219. Vincent Tey Wei Seng
220. Wei Ching
221. Wong Ee Lynn, concerned citizen
222. Wong Meng Chuo, social and environmental activist
223. Wong Teck Chi, student
224. Wong Yuen Mei
225. Yap Miow Sen
226. Yap Swee Seng
227. Yasmin Mokhtar, concerned citizen
228. Yasmine Merican, lecturer and graduate student
229. Yee Khim Chong
230. Yeoh Seng Guan, academic
231. Yvonne Tan
232. Zaharom Nain, academic and father of three
233. Zainal Zikri Zainal Abidin
234. Zarina Zahid, purchasing & merchandising executive
235. Zedeck Siew
236. Zuraidah Abdul Rahman

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